Here is what the ocean looked like on November 26^th.

I could see harlequin ducks, Eurasian wigeons, and red-throated loons soaring over the ocean.

It will be winter soon, and we'll see more winter birds migrating to the area. We haven't had any snow just yet, either, but I can tell that winter is coming.

It may be hard to see in the photo below, but there is a flock of harlequin ducks.

I think I startled them, so one flew away.

On November 6th, the Apoi Fan Club removed the toilet privacy booth from the 5^th Station of Mt. Apoi.

It will be reinstalled in April of next year.

They also removed some of the fallen branches that were snapped in the recent windstorm.

We saw some fall colors along the hiking trail.

On Oct 31^st, I went to check out Horoman-kyo Gorge.

Area around the Japanese White Pine Monument

The road near the Japanese White Pine Monument. No snow just yet.

In front of the Japanese White Pine Monument

Fudo-no-sawa

The junction of Fudo-no-sawa and Horoman River

Second power plant dam

Third power plant, near Inari Shrine

Inari Shrine

The bio-toilet. We just finished repainting it.

Maple trees

Hidaka-misebaya

Fall colors

Second power plant

On Oct 30^th, I attended the Apoi College lecture, "Raccoons: Knowledge and Prevention." About 60 people attended, which indicated a high level of interest. Recently, there's been a surge in the number of raccoons captured in Samani Town. Raccoons are not native to Samani, so it's essential for residents to understand them and take measures to prevent damage from raccoons. This lecture covered the ecology of raccoons and preventative measures. The Apoi College speaker was Professor Toru Ikeda of Hokkaido University.

▼ History of the raccoon's arrival

Raccoons were first spotted in Hokkaido in 1977, and they have spread throughout the entire prefecture, found in 167 municipalities as of January 2025.

▼ The Ecology and Social Impact of Raccoons

Raccoons are nocturnal animals with highly developed senses. They reproduce faster than even the Ezo deer, which birth only one offspring per year; whereas raccoons, on average, birth up to four per year. Problems caused by invasive species include damage to commercial crops (primarily sweet corn and strawberries in Samani), trespassing, the transmission of diseases, the displacement of native species through competition, and the reduction of native species populations through predation.

▼ Raccoon Prevention Measures

Raccoons are highly intelligent and curious animals, and they show a strong interest in traps, so instead of avoiding the traps, it makes raccoons relatively easy to capture. When trying to control raccoon populations across large areas, establishing a social control method is more pressing than addressing technical or strategic challenges. There are various approaches to dealing with traps. Many impressive methods are emerging from New Zealand.

By tracking CPUE (Catch Per Unit Effort) from recorded trappings, we can estimate population density in trapping areas. This allows us to estimate the total population size. In order to effectively reduce raccoon numbers, setting the target capture rate at half the population size is sufficient. This approach offers a viable solution through the application of data-driven scientific insights.

The common box traps that are used can be difficult to maintain as they require daily inspections, and there was also a video explaining how to use the nest-box traps.

▼ Raccoon Prevention Measures in Samani

According to Samani's 2021 Wildlife Damage Prevention Plan, by attending a raccoon capture training session and obtaining a Raccoon Control Certificate, anyone can safely and legally capture raccoons without a hunting license. I'm not sure how long the certificate is good for, possibly only for one year.

▼ Conclusions

In Erimo Town, the local Town History Museum shared an example of raccoon capture efforts near Lake Toyoni. The lakeshore is home to rare native species that require conservation; it is also a habitat for brown bears and features a well-known nature trail for tourists. Nest-box traps are often used to capture raccoons in this area.

Key points for effective raccoon population control include early detection, swift countermeasures, and cooperation from residents. Damage prevention starts with awareness of the issue. The lecture emphasized the importance of covering a large area with these countermeasures.

I visited Mt. Kannon on Thursday, October 9th.

I held my hand in front of the wind cave and felt the warm air. It's around this time of year that the warmest air flows through the cave.

It's starting to look more like fall on Mt. Kannon, and I found lots of seeds and berries.

Korainantenshou (Arisaema peninsulae). It becomes a female plant when grown in nutritious soil.

The stem-like parts are pseudostems, the lower sections of leaf stalks, featuring a mottled pattern resembling that of a venomous snake, like the Japanese pit viper.

I think this is the Ezotorikabuto, a poisonous plant.

Mizuhiki. The upper part is red, while the lower part is white.

Gennoshokou. The fruit is rod-shaped and when ripe, it splits into 5 sections at the base to disperse the seeds

Aomori-Thistle. This is the flower that I saw the most of. One of the characteristics of this flower is that it faces upward.

Red berries of the Yukizasa. I remembered that you can simmer and eat the berries; they are delicious with no bitterness.

Ezo-fuyunohana-warabi

These are a type of fern. What look like flowers are actually called fertile fronds, pouches that contain spores.

Chestnuts. Now I'm craving chestnut rice.

Naginatakoju, from the mint family. It can be used for tea.

Black nightshade, from the nightshade family.

Yuzengiku. It resembles edible chrysanthemums.

Views from the Mt. Kannon observation deck

Mt. Apoi

Cape Enrumu

Oyako-iwa (Parent & Child Rocks)